Impact failure of a metal rod

Even at relatively small impact velocities, the maximum loads of materials under impact processes are already exceeded which leads to material failure. Depending on the materials involved, the impact velocity and other conditions, the failure of materials can proceed in very different ways and also depends on the expansion-rate range of the deformation. It is important to characterize and describe the failure mode of materials and, e.g., the absorption of energy that goes along with it properly in order to realize the requested protective effect with least possible masses.